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Assessment of Protective Antioxidant Mechanisms in some Ethno-Medicinally Important wild Edible Fruits of Odisha, India

Uday Chand Basak, Ajay K Mahapatra and Satarupa Mishra

Fruits and vegetables have now been documented as neutraceuticals or functional foods useful for health and medical benefits including prevention and treatment of diseases. With the background of ethno medicinal evidences and the view to utilize the wild fruit resources of Odisha, India as functional food enriched with antioxidants, 4 wild edible fruits were studied for in vitro radical scavenging activity and antioxidant enzymes such as Peroxidase, Catalase and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) following standard methods. It was found that the fruit with highest DPPH scavenging activity is Antidesma ghaesembilla (1020.6 AEAC mg/100 g dwt) and the lowest recorded in Morinda tinctoria (235 AEAC mg/100 g dwt). The highest FRAP value was recorded in Antidesma ghaesembilla (2114 μM AEAC/g dwt) and the fruit with lowest FRAP value was Careya arborea (538 μM AEAC/g dwt) Antidesma ghaesembilla showed the highest Peroxidase value of 1.12 OD/min/g tissue wt while the lowest was found in Morinda tinctoria (0.054 OD/min/g tissue wt). Catalase was found in high amounts in Antidesma ghaesembilla (5.4×104 IEU/g fresh tissue), the lowest value was observed in Dillenia pentagyna (1.2×104 IEU/g fresh tissue). Similarly for superoxide dismutase (SOD), the highest value was recorded in Morinda tinctoria (4.43 Δ OD/min/mg protein) and lowest in Careya arborea (1.12 Δ OD/min/mg protein). Current research reveals that these wild edible fruits, especially Antidesma ghaesembilla are rich source of antioxidants and can further be subjected to identification of individual compounds responsible for such high antioxidant activity.