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Analysis on the Appropriate Model of a Community-Based Waste Management (Case of Rural Area in Karang Joang Village, Balikpapan, Indonesia)

Indriyani Rachman, Yonik Meilawati Yustiani, Slamet Raharjo and Toru Matsumoto4

The habit of some communities in Indonesia, including in the village of Karang Joang, Balikpapan, in handling their domestic waste is to burn the garbage without implementing the 3R concept. It happens because such habit is passing down from generation to generation. In order to be success in changing the habit, the research was conducted to obtain the appropriate waste management model for the community. In the first step, identification of public environmental awareness was conducted by means of distributing questionnaire to 500 residents, and interviewing 5 housewives, 1 grocery store owner. The questionnaire consists of material flow analysis (MFA), asking on the resident environmental awareness for their current behavior and their future potential behavior towards the waste handling. The survey results showed that 76% of the respondents did not treat the kitchen waste into compost. The community has a quite low level on their waste management awareness. Almost all of the respondents (70%) burn their kitchen waste, 10% of them discharge the waste directly into the river without any prior treatment or composting. About 65% of the respondents usually bury their glass and bottle-type wastes in the backyard ground. Although the awareness shows in quite low level, the majority of the respondent (65%) claimed that they are willing to be more environmental friendly, especially to handle their domestic waste. Total amount of garbage generated by the community Karang Joang is 250-300 grams/day/family, with a composition of 60% of organic and 40% non-organic. Those wastes have potency to be reused and recycled. Conditions and data acquired by survey were then being used as basic information on SWOT analysis in order to determine the appropriate model of waste management in Karang Joang. Several models which can be applied are: 1) Operating a village-scale waste bank, 2) Composting the organic waste using the Takakura method and Biopori method to produce compost, 3) Recycling plastic waste into plastic pellets using shredder. Those activities need to be attractive by formulate them into the business opportunity.